Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) Scan – Measuring Amniotic Fluid Levels
The Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) Scan is a specialized prenatal ultrasound test used to measure the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the baby inside the womb. Amniotic fluid plays a vital role in fetal growth, movement, lung development, and overall protection. Abnormal fluid levels can indicate possible pregnancy complications and require timely medical attention.
What Is an AFI Scan?
An AFI Scan measures the volume of amniotic fluid present in the uterus using ultrasound imaging. During the scan, the uterus is divided into four quadrants, and the deepest fluid pocket in each quadrant is measured. These measurements are then added together to calculate the Amniotic Fluid Index.
This scan helps assess:
- Adequacy of amniotic fluid for healthy fetal development
- Signs of oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid)
- Signs of polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid)
- Overall fetal well-being
Why Is an AFI Scan Important?
1. Monitoring Fetal Health
Amniotic fluid cushions the baby, allows free movement, and supports lung and digestive system development. Abnormal fluid levels may interfere with fetal growth and comfort.
2. Detecting Pregnancy Complications
AFI scans help detect conditions such as:
- Oligohydramnios: Low fluid levels, which may be linked to placental insufficiency, maternal dehydration, fetal growth restriction, or rupture of membranes.
- Polyhydramnios: Excess fluid, which can be associated with gestational diabetes, fetal anomalies, or multiple pregnancies.
3. Guiding Clinical Decisions
AFI results assist obstetricians in:
- Planning the timing and mode of delivery
- Deciding on additional monitoring or interventions
- Managing high-risk pregnancies safely
When Is an AFI Scan Done?
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Commonly performed during the third trimester (28–40 weeks)
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May be done earlier if there are concerns such as:
- High blood pressure
- Gestational diabetes
- Reduced fetal movements
- Suspected growth restriction
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Frequency depends on maternal and fetal risk factors
How Is an AFI Scan Performed?
- Conducted using a transabdominal ultrasound
- The uterus is divided into four quadrants
- The largest vertical pocket of fluid in each quadrant is measured
- The total AFI is calculated by adding all four measurements
- The procedure is non-invasive, painless, and usually takes 10–15 minutes
Is an AFI Scan Safe?
Yes. AFI scans use ultrasound waves, which are completely safe for both mother and baby. There is no radiation exposure and no invasive procedure involved.
Who Should Get an AFI Scan?
- Women with high-risk pregnancies
- Mothers with diabetes, hypertension, or pre-eclampsia
- Suspected fetal growth restriction
- Concerns about low or high amniotic fluid levels
- Twin or multiple pregnancies
## # FAQs
What is the purpose of an AFI Scan?
The AFI Scan measures the amount of amniotic fluid around the baby to ensure it is within a healthy range for proper fetal growth and development.
Is an AFI Scan safe for the baby?
Yes. It is a completely safe, non-invasive ultrasound test with no risk to the mother or baby.
When is an AFI Scan recommended?
It is usually recommended in the third trimester or earlier in high-risk pregnancies or when fluid abnormalities are suspected.
How long does an AFI Scan take?
The scan typically takes about 10–15 minutes.
Do I need any preparation for the AFI Scan?
No special preparation is required. In some cases, a partially full bladder may help improve image quality.
What do abnormal amniotic fluid levels indicate?
Low levels (oligohydramnios) may suggest placental issues or growth restriction, while high levels (polyhydramnios) may indicate gestational diabetes or fetal anomalies.
How often is an AFI Scan needed?
The frequency depends on pregnancy risk factors. High-risk pregnancies may require repeated AFI monitoring.
What happens if my AFI results are abnormal?
Your doctor may recommend closer monitoring, medications, lifestyle changes, or early delivery depending on the severity and gestational age.
Conclusion
The Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) Scan is a crucial prenatal test that helps ensure your baby’s safety and well-being. By detecting abnormal fluid levels early, AFI scans allow doctors to take timely action and prevent potential complications. Regular monitoring is especially important in high-risk pregnancies to ensure a healthy outcome for both mother and baby.
For expert prenatal scans and pregnancy care, visit: www.genesisshospital.com, www.drdivyagynecologist.com, www.drrajuuro.com
Dr. Divya J G Dr. Divya J G is an exceptional and highly skilled Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, recognised for her expertise in maternity care, pregnancy scans, and advanced gynaecological and laparoscopic surgeries. She completed her MBBS at Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMCRI) and earned her MS in Obstetrics and Gynaecology from Bangalore Medical College. With over 13 years of clinical experience, Dr. Divya J G is known for her meticulous attention to detail and patient-centred approach. She carefully understands each woman’s unique health needs and delivers personalised, evidence-based care to ensure safe pregnancies, effective treatments, and optimal outcomes.
Dr. Divya J G has extensive experience in managing a wide range of obstetric and gynaecological cases, including comprehensive maternity care, gynaecological surgeries, infertility evaluation, and IVF-related treatments. Beyond her clinical expertise, she is known for building strong trust and confidence among her patients through compassionate, patient-centred care and clear communication. From fertility counselling and conception planning to pregnancy, delivery, and post-treatment recovery, Dr. Divya J G ensures that every woman feels well-informed, supported, and at ease throughout her medical journey. Her commitment to ethical practice and evidence-based treatment consistently contributes to positive patient experiences and successful outcomes.
